Electromagnetic fields are governed by the Maxwell's equations and quasistatic approximations like the eddy current model or static approximations. We are interested in the variational formulations of these models and their finite element discretisation. We study the wave propagation in photonic crystals and dielectric wave-guides, especially the eigenvalue problems, the propagation outside of the computational domains and multiscale finite element methods. For thin conducting structure and material with high conductivity we propose effective boundary conditions and study finite element methods.